The Safavid dynasty (1501-1736) in the annual blogger of Abbas al-Azzawi An Study "Historical - Analytical"
Abstract
The Safavid state (1501-1736AD) occupied an important space in the thinking of historians of Iraq during the twentieth century AD, prominent in this context of the historian Abbas Al-Azzawi, the content of his annual code known as "the history of Iraq between two occupations (656-1335AH / 1258-1917AD)" valuable information Regarding that state first, and in order to bridge the fabricated chasm between the "historian" and "jurist" regarding the reality of this state and its historical roots secondly, and to clarify its relationship with the Ottoman state "Iraq" after its parties "war - fighting," "peace - the treaty," and the consequences arranged On that relationship, traces and tragedies met by the population of Iraq, third ... and others, this study consisted of a third There are three axes preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion, between the first axis: entitled “The Safavids and the tribes of Qura Qwainlu and Al Aq Qwainlu and the Ottoman Empire (1487 - 1508) Origin… Consolidation… Occupation”, Safavid’s origins and lineage, and from where they came, and their struggle with political entities The list in Iran before their appearance as: “Al-Qara Qwainlu” and “Al Aq Al Qwainlu” so that they could build their country, after their attribute was similar to one of the “Sufi ways” from the guide carpet to the Sultanate’s seat, and the efforts made by the founder of the Safavid state Shah, Ismail Al-Safawi "in establishing and consolidating his state, and striving to occupy Baghdad in 1508 AD, and what happened to its people c Beyond the occupation, while the second axis was defined as: “The Safavid-Ottoman Conflict ((Iraq)) (1509-1628 AD) Justifications… and Repercussions”, a number of justifications for that conflict in the light of what the historian Abbas Al-Azzawi wrote in his above-mentioned yearbook The researcher drew pictures of the conflict between two Islamic states such as the "Safavid" and "Ottoman" during the period between the year (1509-1628 AD) at times, to the emergence of the shahs of the thrones of their thrones and the Shah of Iran, the Safavid state enjoyed the power and influence and wide openness in his era known as "Abbas I (the Great)", was able to occupy Baghdad and kill its ruler, "Bakr Subashi", and the consequences of this conflict were gravitational repercussions. Parties between the fighting and strife, and the holding of peace institutes or other times.The third axis: Al-Marsun referred to “the Safavid state and its struggle with the Ottomans ((Iraq)) and its fall (1629-1736 AD)” to the last stages of the life of the Safavid
state and its relationship with its neighbor the Ottoman state “Iraq”, and the circumstances, events and facts that stormed this state until it marched towards it Abyss and fall.
References
1- Abbas Al-Azzawi, Encyclopedia of Iraqi History between Two Occupations (Mughal government 656-738 AH / 1258-1338 CE), (Beirut: The Arab Encyclopedia, 2004), first volume.
2- ========= , Encyclopedia of Iraq’s History between Two Occupations (The Jaliriya Government 737-814AH / 1337-1411AD), Volume Two.
3- ======== ,Encyclopedia of Iraq’s History Between Two Occupations (Turkmen Governments 814-930 AH / 1411-1523AD), (Beirut: The Encyclopedia Arab House, 2004), Volume Three.
4- ======= ,Encyclopedia of Iraqi History between Two Occupations (First Ottoman Era 941-1049 AH / 1534-1639 CE), (Beirut: The Encyclopedia of Arabia, 2004), Volume IV.
5- ======= ,Encyclopedia of Iraq’s History between Two Occupations (Second Ottoman Era 1048-1163 AH / 1638-1750 CE), (Beirut: The Encyclopedia of Arabia, 2004), Volume V.
6- ====== ,Encyclopedia of Iraq’s History between Two Occupations (Mamluk Government 1162-1247 AH / 1740-1831AD), (Beirut: The Encyclopedia of Arabia, 2004), Volume VI.
7- ======= ,Encyclopedia of Iraqi History between Two Occupations (The Third Ottoman Era 1247-1289 AH / 1831-1872AD), (Beirut: The Encyclopedia of Arabia, 2004), Volume VII.
8- ===== ,Encyclopedia of Iraq’s History between Two Occupations (The Last Ottoman Era 1289-1335 AH / 1872-1917 CE), (Beirut: The Encyclopedia of Arabia, 2004), Volume Eight.
9- ====== ,Iraq Tribes Encyclopedia, (Beirut: The Encyclopedia of the Arab Encyclopedia, 2005), vol. 2.
Second: The manuscripts
1- Amjad Saad Shallal Al-Mahawili, Encyclopedia of Soft Iranian Cities, ((Manuscript)), 2013, 1-8.
2- -============= ,The Manus in Historic Iranian Titles and Terms, ((Manuscript)), 2015, Part 1.
3- -============== ,((manuscript)), Arabic alphabet (B) , 2015, c. 3.
c. 4 , (p), 2015, , ((manuscript)), triangular letter B, triangle 4- ============== ,
5- ((5-=========== ,manuscript)), letter T, T and C (T-W-C), 2015, A 5
6- Third: Academic Studies (Theses - Thesis)
7- Ahmed Kazem Mohsen Bandar Al-Bayati, Persia under the Apocalypse (1736-1747), PhD thesis, (Al-Mustansiriya University: College of Education, 2006).
8- Jassim Muhammad Hassan al-Adul, the Ottoman Empire during the rule of Sultan Selim I (1512-1520), PhD thesis, (University of Mosul: College of Education, 2004).
9- Hussein Muhammad Al-Qahwati, Iraq Between the First and Second Ottoman Occupations (1534-1628), Master Thesis, (University of Baghdad: College of Arts, 1975).
10- 4-Mahebis Hassan Al-Waeli student, Iran during the reign of Shah Ismail I (1501-1524), PhD thesis, (Baghdad University: College of Arts, 2007).
11- 5-Faisal Abdul Jabbar Abdul Ali, Political History of the Religious Institution in Iran (1501-1909), Master Thesis, (Al-Mustansiriya University: Institute of Asian and African Studies, 1988).
12- 6-Majed Abdul Aziz Ahmed, Intellectual Life in Hilla in the Seventh and Eighth Hijra Centuries (601-800), PhD thesis, (Al-Mustansiriya University: College of Education, 2005).
13- 7-Muhammad Hillil Al-Jabri, The Emirate of Al-Masha’sha’in, Master Thesis, (University of Baghdad: College of Arts, 1973).
Fourth: Books (Arabic - translated – Persian)
Arabic books
14- Ibrahim Ali Al-Tarsusi, Tuhfat Al-Turk, (Dr. McC: Scientific Books House, 1995). Mahmoud Shaker, Turkish, (Dr. Mak: Islamic Office for Printing and Publishing, 1988).
15- Abu Hamid Muhammad Al-Ghazali, Biology of Religion Sciences, (Beirut: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi, Dr. T).
16- Abi Muhammad Ali bin Ahmed known as "Ibn Hazm", the chapter on boredom, passions, and bees, (Beirut: Dar Sader, Dr. T), c. 4.
17- Ahmed Saad El-Ash, Wars of the Apostasy, an analytical study, (Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Alami, 2015).
18- Ahmed Shams Al-Din, Al-Ghazali, his life, its effects, and his philosophy (Dr. McC: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Alami, 1990).
19- Arshad Al-Harazi, Turkmen and the Arab World, 2nd edition, (Kirkuk: Kirkuk Endowment Foundation, 2003).
20- Lion Rustom, Church of the Great Antioch City, (Beirut: Police Library, 1988)7-
21- Ismail Ahmad Yaghi, The Ottoman Empire in Islamic History, (Riyadh: Obeikan Library, 1996)8-
22- Iman Kamal Mustafa Al-Mahdawi, Abdul Qadir Al-Kilani, a writer, (Dr. McC: Islamic Research and Studies Center, 2008).
23- Badi 'Juma and Ahmad Al-Khouli, History and Civilization of the Safavids (Beirut: Dar Al-Raed Al-Arabi, 1976), Part 1.
24- Jaafar Al-Sabhani, Islamic Schools of Thought, (Holy Qom: Imam Al-Sadiq Foundation (AS), 2006)11-
25- Jamal Al-Din Al-Hassan Bin Youssef Al-Hali, Ticket of Jurists, Investigation: The Al-Bayt (Peace Be Upon Him) Foundation for the Revival of Heritage, (Holy Qum: Starh Press, 1998), c.
26- Jamal Abdul Hadi Muhammad Masoud and others, The Ottoman Empire, (Cairo: Dar Al-Wafa, 1995), Part 1-2.
27- Hassan Jassim Shubbar, History of the Radiant and Translations of Their Flags, (An-Najaf Al-Ashraf: Dr. Matt, 1965).
28- Hassan Majeed Al-Dujaili, Iran and Iraq during Five Centuries (Beirut: Dar Al-Adwaa, 1999)15-.
29- Khalil Al Nuaimi, from Nouakchott to Istanbul, The Imagination of Places, (Dr. McC: Arab Institute for Studies and Publishing, 2003).
30- Zahia Al-Dajani, Wars of Apostasy, a Victory of the Quran, (Beirut: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi, 1997)17-
31- Zakaria Kurshon and Muhammad Musa al-Quraini, the coasts of Najd, “Al-Ahsa” in the Ottoman Archives, (Beirut: The Encyclopedia Arab, 2005).
32- Salem Ali Al-Hajjaji, Geography of the Modern World (Study in the Regional Geography of the Continents and Countries of the World), (Benghazi: Al-Marqab University Publications, 2009).
33- Salman Hadi Al-Toma, Heritage of Karbala, (Beirut: Al-Alami Foundation for Publications, 1983)20-
34- Salim al-Haddad, History of the Ottoman Empire, (Aleppo: Islamic University Press, D.V.)21-
35- Suleiman Saleh Al-Dakhil Al-Najdi, Masterpiece of Al-Albab in the History of Al-Ahsa (Beirut: The Arab Encyclopedia, 2002).
36- Samih Atef Al-Zein, Imam Al-Ghazali, (Beirut: Lebanese Book House, D.T.)23-
37- Shaker Saber, the officer, international relations and border treaties between Iraq and Iran, (Baghdad: Dr. Matt, 1966).
38- Shakeeb Arslan, History of the Ottoman Empire, Investigation: Hasan Al-Samahi Suwaidan (Damascus: Dar Ibn Katheer, 2001).
39- Salih Ahmed Al-Ali, Samarraa, a Study of Establishment and Residential Structure, (Dr. McC: Publications for Distribution and Publishing, 2001).
40- Tariq Al Suwaidan, Imam Abu Hanifa Al-Numan (Riyadh: Dar Al-Ibda'a Al-Fekri, 2011)27-
41- Abbas Hassan al-Musawi and Kamal al-Sayyid, The Emergence and Fall of the Safavid State Analytical Study, 2nd Edition, (Holy Qom: Wafa Press, 2007).
42- Abd al-Amir Abd al-Wahhab al-Rafi`i, Iraq between the fall of the Abbasid state and the fall of the Ottoman Empire, (Beirut: Dar Al-Aref Publications, 2010), part 2.
43- Abdul Hussain Al-Rafaei, Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf, (Baghdad: Dar Tigris, 2016)30-
44- Abdul Rahim Aba Dhri, Sheikh Muhammad Al-Ghazali, (Holy Qom: The International Synod for Rapprochement between Islamic Schools of Thought, 2007).
45- Abdul Rahim Mustafa, The Origins of the Ottoman Empire, 2nd Floor, (Cairo: Dar Al-Shorouk, 1993).
46- Abdul Razzaq Al-Hassani and Abdel Aziz Al-Douri, Baghdad, (Beirut: Lebanese Book House, 1984)33-
47- Abdul-Razzaq Al-Kilani, Abdul-Qadir Al-Kilani, Imam Al-Zahid Al-Kidwa, (Damascus: Shami House for Printing and Publishing, 1994).
48- Abd al-Qadir al-Kilani, Diwan Abd al-Qadir al-Kilani, (Beirut: Dar al-Jeel, 1988)35-
49- Abd al-Wahhab Ali al-Baghdadi, Aleppo Butter, from the History of Aleppo (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya, 1996).
50- Ali Hassoun, History of the Ottoman Empire, (Damascus: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyya, d. T.)37-
51- Ghaida Khazna Katbi, The First Priorities of the Conquest Wars of Apostasy in Islam (Dr. McC: Dar Al-Madar Al-Islami, 2009).
52- Fatima Qashoori, Aisha in Books of Hadeeth and Classes, (Dr. McC: Arab Cultural Center, 2014)39-
53- Qais Jawad Al-Azzawi, The Ottoman Empire, (Beirut: Arab Science House, 1994)40-
54- Kamal al-Din Ibn al-Adim, with the aim of demanding the history of Aleppo, by: Suhail Zakar, (Dr. McC: Dar al-Fikr, Dr. T), vol. 1-4.
55- Muhammad Ibn Adras Al-Hali, Al-Sarayer, 2nd edition (Holy Qom: Islamic Publishing Corporation Press, 1989), Part 2.
56- Muhammad Ahmad Darnika, Sheikh Abd al-Qadir al-Gilani and the flags of al-Qadriyah (Beirut: The Arab Encyclopedia, 2006).
57- 44- ==========, 44-The Qadriya Method, (Dr. McC: Modern Book Foundation, 2009); The date of Sharaf al-Din al-Kilani, The Qadriyah Method, its Foundations and Rules, (Dr. McC: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Alami, 2014).
58- Muhammad Asadullah Safa, Tamerlane, (Lebanon: Dar Al-Nafees, 1990)45-
59- Muhammad Anis Ubada, The Ottoman Empire and the Arab East (1514-1914), (Cairo: The Anglo-Egyptian Library, D.V.).
60- Muhammad bin Al-Hassan Al-Tousi, Al-Khilaf, investigation: A group of investigators, (Holy Qom: Islamic Publishing Corporation Press, 1993), Part 4.
61- Muhammad Harb, The Ottomans in History and Civilization, 2nd edition, (Damascus: Dar Al-Qalam, 1999).
62- Muhammad Husayn al-Zubaydi, Al-Masha`sha’in, the oldest Arab emirate in Arabistan (Baghdad: Freedom House, 1983).
63- Muhammad Sohail Taqosh, History of the Safavid State in Iran (Beirut: Dar Al-Nafees, 2009)50-
64- Muhammad Farid Bey, The Ottoman Attic State, Investigation: Ihsan Hakki, 8th Edition (Beirut: Dar Al-Nafees, 1988).
65- Muhammad Wasfi Abu Mughali, Iran General Study, (Basra: Basra University Press, 1985)52-
66- Mahmoud Shibli, The Life of Aisha, Mother of the Believers, (Beirut: Dar Al-Jeel, 1998)53-
67- Murtada Al-Askari, Hadiths of the Mother of the Faithful, Aisha, (Holy Qom: Dar Al-Zahra (PBUH), 2006).
68- Mustafa Al-Shakaei, Grand Imam Abu Hanifa Al-Numan (Beirut: Lebanese Book House, 1983)55-
69- Mansour Abdel-Hakim, Tamerlane Emperor on horseback, (Beirut: Arab Book House, 2010)56-
70- The date of Sharaf al-Din al-Kilani, Sahih al-Adhkar, wards and supplications of Qadriya (Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Alami, 2011)
71- Nassif Al-Masha’i and Mahmoud Al-Masha’sha’i, certainty in the lineage of Messrs. Al Asfour Al-Masha’sha ’, (Baghdad: Rose Printing Office, 2011), Part 1.
72- Hana Kadhim Khalifa, The Impact of the City of Hilla on Intellectual Life in Iraq from the Sixth to the Late Eighth Hijrah (Jordan: Dar Al-Sadiq, 2012).
73- Despair Shofani, The Wars of Apostasy, (Dr. McC: Literary Treasures House, 1995)60-
74- Youssef Karkoush, History of Hilla, (Holy Qom: Shariat Press, 1968), c. 1-2
B - translated books
75- Andrey Clou, Suleiman the Magnificent, translation: Muhammad Al-Razqi, (Tunisia: Dar Al-Turki, 1991).
76- Ozay Teriyakoglu, Sultan Selim Khan the First, translation: The Arab Science House, (Beirut: The Arab Science House, 2013).
77- Justin Marwadhi, Tamerlane, defeats Kings, Sultans, and Ghazi Al-Alam (Beirut: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi, 2011).
78- Hamid Safavi, Oil enslaves Iran, translation: Abdul-Razzaq Al-Safi, (Baghdad: Salman Al-Adhami Press, 1970).
79- Khalil Inalagic, The History of the Ottoman Empire from Evolution to Regression, Translation: Muhammad Arnaout, (Beirut: Dar Al-Madar Al-Islami, 2002).
80- Abd al-Qadir De Deoglu, The Ottoman Sultans, translation: Muhammad Jan (Tunisia: Dar Sahnoun, 1990).
81- Harold Lamb, Suleiman the Magnificent, translation: Shukri Mahmoud Nadim, (Baghdad: Dar Al-Nibras, 1961).
82- Elif Shafak, Istanbul Bastion, translation: Khaled Tajabli, (Beirut: Dar Al Jamal, 2012)8-
83- Yilmaz Oztona, Introduction to Turkish History, translation: Arshad Al-Harmazi, (Beirut: The Arab Encyclopedia, 2005).
84- Yilmaz Oztuna, History of the Ottoman Empire, translation: Adnan Mahmoud Salman, review and revision: Mahmoud Al-Ansari, (Istanbul: Publications of the Faisal Finance Foundation, 1988), Part 1-2.
C- Persian books
85- Torg Atabaki, Azerbaijan, Contemporary Iran, Translated by: Muhammad Karim Ishraq, (Tahran: Pagkhana Tous, 1372).
86- San`at Zadeh Kermani, Nader Fateh Delhi, (Tahran: V.a, 1344)2-
87- Muhammad Husayn Khan Nasir al-Sharia, History of Qom (Qom: Pagkhana Hekmat, 1342)3-
88- Muhammad Husayn Qudusi, Nader Namah, (Khorasan: V.a, 1339)4-
89- Muhammad Reza Kassabian, History of Mashhad, (Mashhad: Ansarat Ansar, 1377)5-
90- Mahdi Sidi, History of the month of Mashhad, (Tahran: Intisar Gami, 1378)6-
91- Mirza Mahdi Khan Estrabadi, Jahan Pashary Naderi, Paham Bahman (Tahran: Pa. Pa, 1311)7-
92- Meno Raski, History of Tabriz, translated by: Abdel-Ali Karang, (Tahran: Pagkhaneh Ketabfruchi Tehran, 1337).
93- Minorsky, dated by Nader Shah, translated: Akai Rashid Yasmi, (Tahran: V.A.A., 1313)9-
Fifth: Dictionaries and encyclopedias
94- Gibran Masoud, Al-Raed, a modern linguistic lexicon, 7th edition (Beirut: Dar Al-Alam for Millions, 1992).
95- Hassan Karim Al-Jaf, Encyclopedia of Iran's Political History, (Beirut: The Arab Encyclopedia, 2008), Vol. 2, Vol. 3.
96- Hamid Al-Mutaba'i, Encyclopedia of Iraq Flags in the Twentieth Century, (Baghdad: House of General Cultural Affairs, 1995), Part 1.
97- Khair al-Din Al-Zarkali, Al-Alam, 15th edition, (Beirut: Dar Al-Alam for Millions, 2002), Part 3
98- Saad Saadi, Dictionary of the Middle East (Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - Palestine - Jordan), (Beirut: Dar Al Jeel, 1988).
99- Salim Mattar and others, The Encyclopedia of Iraqi Cities, (Baghdad: Center for Iraqi Nation Studies, 2005).
100- Sabah Yassin Al-Adhami, Flags of the Iraqi Scientific Academy, (Beirut: The Arab Encyclopedia, 2005).
101- A group of authors, the International Arab Encyclopedia, 2nd edition, (Riyadh: Encyclopedia Business Establishment for Printing and Publishing, 1999), C1, C6, C18, C26.
102- Mohamed Harz Al-Din, Marqad Al-Maaref, (Beirut: Al-Safa Foundation for Publications, 2011), Part 1.
103- Yassin Salawati, The Arab Open and Easy Encyclopedia, (Beirut: Arab History Foundation, 2001), c. 4, c. 6.
Sixth: magazines
104- “ 1- Iranian Papers”, (Magazine), Babel, the first issue, the first year, on March 1, 2013
105- Seventh: The International Internet Network
106- Jabal Musa, International Internet Information Network, http://www.iraqiwriter.com
107- Chamchamal, International Internet Information Network, http://www.iraqiwriter.com
108- Shah Jahan, International Internet Network, http://www.iraqiwriter.com
109- Shahrazur, International Internet Information Network, http://www.iraqiwriter.com
110- Al-Karkh, International Internet Information Network, http://www.iraqiwriter.com
111- Al-Lir, International Internet Information Network, http://www.iraqiwriter.com
112- Mandali, International Internet Information Network, http://www.iraqiwriter.com
113- One, International Internet Information Network, http://www.iraqiwriter.com
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