Border disputes between Somalia and Kenya 1882-1967

  • Dr. Ahmed Rahim Farhood Al-Akili Al-Qadisiyah Education Directorate
Keywords: border disputes, the borders between Somalia and Kenya, , Somali tribes

Abstract

The aim of this study is to shed light on the form of border disputes between Somalia and Kina and the role of colonialism in fueling these differences. What are the factors that helped ignite conflicts between them, including the role of the Somali tribes in the northern region as part of the Somali people and the colonial powers, was the first reason to plant a seed These conflicts and disputes that afflict more than half of the world's population, and consequently, were the result of these conflicts and ongoing and long wars and wars due to the difficulty of defining the borders between Somalia and Kenya. The Somali Progressive Territory, Northern Borders, also called for patriots in Somalia for their independence and territorial integrit .                                                                   

 

 

 

Author Biography

Dr. Ahmed Rahim Farhood Al-Akili, Al-Qadisiyah Education Directorate

Al-Qadisiyah Education Directorate

References

1. The Egyptian Archives, Egyptian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Portfolio No. 50, the African Administration, a letter to the Under-Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs regarding granting the Kenyan government the concession to explore for oil for British companies, March 24, 1966. See Appendix No. (2).
Second: Messages and thesis:
1. Maher Ali Ghazal, Political Developments in Somalia 1939-1960 Historical Study, Master Thesis (Unpublished), College of Education, Tikrit University, 2003
2. Mahmoud Mohamed Berry, Northeastern Kenya during the era of British colonialism and its impact on the population 1891-1962, (unpublished), unpublished, Labor University of Africa, Khartoum, Sudan, 2010.
3. Amal Tawfik, Border Problems in the Horn of Africa, (unpublished) unpublished, Institute of African Research and Studies, Cairo University, Cairo, 1977.
4. Raouf Rashid Khaleh, Kenya, Study in Political Geography, (unpublished Master), Institute of African Research and Studies, Cairo University, Cairo, 2000.
5. Khaled Al-Aqeed Abdullah, Tribal Impact and Security in Somalia from 1960 to 2008, (unpublished) dissertation, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan, 2010.
6. Abdul Rahman Abu Bakr Ahmed, President Adam Abdullah Othman and his role in the modern history of Somalia 1960-1969, (Master) unpublished, Workers University of Africa, Khartoum, Sudan, 2014.
7. Muhammad Nour-Al-Ja’ab, Conflict Resolution in the Light of International Law and Islamic Jurisprudence, The Border Conflict between Somalia and Neighboring Countries as a Model, (Unpublished PhD thesis), College of Sharia and Law, Omdurman Islamic University, Khartoum, Sudan, 2008.
8 . Ajee Younan, The Problems of Political Boundaries in East Africa, (PhD thesis) Unpublished, Faculty of Arts, Cairo University, 1972.
9 . Abdul Hamid Sarhan Abdo Mahmoud, Kenya Foreign Policy 1963-1978, (PhD thesis) Unpublished, University of Aswan, Faculty of Arts, 2019.
Third: Books:
1. Arabic:
1 . Fawzi Makkawi, Somalia in Antiquity - The comprehensive survey of the Democratic Republic of Somalia, Baghdad, Institute of Arab Research and Studies, 1982.
2 . Muhammad Abdul-Ghani Saud, The Deductive Land Problem and the Somali Border - The Comprehensive Survey, Baghdad, 1982.
3 . Shawqi Atallah Al-Jamal, History of Somalia in Hadith 1860-1969, The Comprehensive Survey, Baghdad, 1982
4 . Mahmoud Shaker, Homeland of the Islamic Peoples in Africa, Somalia, Damascus, 1964.
5 . Mohamed El-Sayed Ghallab, Evolution of the human race, Cairo, 1970.
6 . Mohamed Abdel Fattah Hindi, Geography of Somalia, Cairo, 1962.
7 . Muhammad Abdullat Khalaf Allah, Northern Somalia, comprehensive survey of the Democratic Republic of Somalia Institute of Arab Research and Studies, Kuwait, 1982.
8 . Mohamed Abdel-Ghani Saudi, the problem of the Somali and territorial borders cut, part 1, the implementation of the international symposium For the Horn of Africa, Cairo University Press, 1985 .
9. Muhannad Abdel Wahed Al-Nadawi, African Union and Conflict Resolution, Somalia Case Study, Al-Arabi for Publishing and Distribution, Cairo, 2015.
10. Abdul Aziz Kamel, The Kenya Case, Dar Al-Qalam, Cairo, 1961.
11 . Ihsan Hakki, Free African Land of Hope and Prosperity, Commercial Office for Printing, Distribution and Publishing, Beirut, Lebanon, 1962.
12 . Muhammad Abdul-Ghani Saudi, The Somali Borders and Land Deductive Problem, The Symposium of the International Symposium on the Horn of Africa, Cairo University Press, Cairo, 1985, Part 1.
13 . Hamdi Abdel-Rahman Hassan, Regional Balance in East Africa and Future Prospects, First Strategic Report, Al-Bayan, Saudi Arabia, 2003.
14 . Basem Rizk Ali Rizk, Africa and the West, a study of the opinions of African-Latin thinker Walter Rodney, Center for Arab and African Research, Cairo, 2010.
15 . Boutros Boutros-Ghali, International Relations in the Framework of the Organization of African Unity, The Anglo-Egyptian Library Cairo, 1974.
16 . Ajal Mahmoud Raafat and Ibrahim Ahmed Nasr al-Din, The Horn of Africa, Internal Changes and International Conflicts, Arab Renaissance House, Cairo, 1985.
17. Mahasin Abdul Qadir Haj Al-Safi, The Somali Question in Kenya, Hayel Printing, Publishing and Packaging Ltd., Khartoum, Sudan, 1988.
18 . Muhammad Ibrahim Abdi Abdullah, The Western Somalia Problem and its Impact on Arab-African Relations 1960-1988, Arab Thought Center, Cairo, 2010.
19 . Boutros Boutros-Ghali et al., The Somali-Ethiopian Controversy, Journal of International Politics, Egypt, No. 19, Year 6, 1970.
20 . Mohamed Mohamed Fayek, 23 July Revolution and Africa, Center for Arab Unity Studies, Beirut, 1984 .
21 . Mr. Yassin, Analysis of the Content of Arab National Thought, Center for Arab Unity Studies, Beirut, 1980 .
22 . Fawzi Makkawi, Somalia in Antiquity - The comprehensive survey of the Democratic Republic of Somalia, Baghdad, Institute of Arab Research and Studies, 1982.
23 . Muhammad Abdul-Ghani Saud, The Deductive Land Problem and the Somali Border - The Comprehensive Survey, Baghdad, 1982.
24 . Shawqi Atallah Al-Jamal, History of Somalia in Hadith 1860-1969, The Comprehensive Survey, Baghdad, 1982 .
25 . Mahmoud Shaker, Homeland of the Islamic Peoples in Africa, Somalia, Damascus, 1964.
26 . Mohamed El-Sayed Ghallab, Evolution of the human race, Cairo, 1970.
27 . Mohamed Abdel Fattah Hindi, Geography of Somalia, Cairo, 1962.
28 . Muhammad Abdullat Khalaf Allah, Northern Somalia, comprehensive survey of the Democratic Republic of Somalia Institute of Arab Research and Studies, Kuwait, 1982.
29 . Mohamed Abdel-Ghani Saudi, the problem of the Somali and territorial borders cut, part 1, the implementation of the international symposium For the Horn of Africa, Cairo University Press, 1985 .
30 . Walter Rodency: Toward Sixth Pan African Congress: Aspect of the international class struggle in Africa, the Caribbean and Africa, Dar es Salam, Tanzania, 1974 .
31 . Peter Hennessy, "Cabinets and the Bomb", The British Academy / Oxford University Press, 2007.
Fourth: Research and Articles :
1 . Abdel Hamid Sarhan Abdo Mahmoud, Egypt and African Liberation Movements After the July Revolution in Kenya and Somalia as a Model, a published working paper, submitted to the Fourth Youth Researchers Conference for Social, Humanitarian and Educational Sciences, South Valley University, 27-28 February 2018 .
2 . Boutros Boutros-Ghali et al., The Somali-Ethiopian Controversy, Journal of International Politics, Egypt, No. 19, Year 6, 1970 .
Fifth: The Internet :
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ro
The magazine's website :
http://qu.edu.iq/journalart/index.php/QJHS/issue/archive
Published
2020-07-16
How to Cite
Rahim Farhood Al-Akili, D. A. (2020). Border disputes between Somalia and Kenya 1882-1967. Al-Qadisiyah Journal For Humanities Sciences, 23(2), 68-86. Retrieved from https://journalart.qu.edu.iq/index.php/QJHS/article/view/212
Section
Articles