Aesthetic functions of architectural complements – Open squares as a model -

Abstract

Arts interfere with architecture in an interconnected and accelerating chain, and then revolt, searching for new ideas, to challenge and innovate from art references that preceded it, and reached the limit by exceeding the limits of painting, exhibition, recipient, and closed spaces. After the merging of time and space in the world of formation, with an updated context that includes space, the environment and the audience. The place was employed according to all its potential and possible meanings, to display an art in which the fine arts merge with other structures that adjoin and sometimes contradict them. So the open spaces (squares) that are not bounded by borders from its four dimensions, were the appropriate environment that made the presence of the recipient physically inside the work to interact within the whole scene and explore its different meanings. Here, the research aims to discover the aesthetic relationship of formative complements functions in open spaces, and to show the extent of its integration with the architectural buildings on the one hand, and revealing the aesthetic values of the functions of the elements of the open outer space, which the architectural designer adopts in forming his elements on the other hand. To address the research problem represented by (how to achieve compatibility between the formative complement of open spaces (the square) and the environment surrounding it architecturally), where the research works to show the compatibility of the architectural design with the surrounding environment aesthetically, and the extent of compatibility of the formation elements in the same space, their complementarity with the spaces of one place, and highlighting the aesthetic values of the function of the formation complement of the square, the manufactured formative part (monuments, statues, murals, fountains, furniture, etc.) and the natural formative part (trees and shrubs and the way they are organized) that corresponds to the shape and environment of the surrounding place. The research relied on the descriptive analysis of a group of (squares) for different locations and times. The research analyzed them and concluded that the formative complements elements, such as monuments and sculptures, complement the squares in historical sites better than the squares that exist within other sites. Where the principle of rhythm plays a role in activating the psychological, social and environmental influence of the human being through the coordination of the site.

Keywords:

• Formative complements, Compatibility, Composition rules, Shaping elements, Aesthetic function.