Future thinking for university students
Keywords:
الطلبة التفكير المستقبل
Abstract
- Future thinking for university students.
2. The statistically significant differences in future thinking, according to the gender variable (male, female) and specialization (scientific, human).
To achieve these goals, a sample of 500 students from the University of Al-Qadisiyah was selected, distributed among 11 faculties of scientific and human specialties. They were chosen in a random, stratified and proportional manner. A tool was built to measure future thinking based on theory (Macleod, 2005).
After extracting the psychometric properties of the scale from honesty and consistency, it became clear that the final version of the scale of future thinking consists of (47) items distributed in two areas, by (34) items in the field of future expectations and (13) items in the field of building mental representations towards the future, responding in the light of which Examined in five alternatives are ((they apply to me completely, apply to me a lot, apply to me sometimes, apply to me rarely, never apply to me)).
When correcting the grades (5, 4, 3, 2, 1) for the paragraphs formulated in a positive direction, the correction for the paragraphs formulated in the opposite direction (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) is given. After applying the tool, the results are clear:
1. University students have no future thinking.
2. There are statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) in future thinking according to the gender variable and in favor of males.
3. There are statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) in future thinking according to the variable of specialization and in favor of science.
4. The interaction of sex with academic specialization has not been shown to influence future thinking
References
المصادر:
اولاً :المصادر العربية
1 . محمود , لطيفة ماجد , وحسين , محمد ابراهيم (2015) التفكير المستقبلي والاقدام على مخاطر مسؤولة وعلاقتها بالاتجاه نحو حمل السلاح لدى طلبة الجامعة ، دراسة في كلية التربية للعلوم الانسانية جامعة ديالي ، العراق.
ثانياً : المصادر الاجنبية
2. Armstrong, p. & Crombie, G. (2000) :Compromises in adolscents' occupational aspirations and expectations from grades 8 to 10. Journal of rocational Behavior.
3. Whaley, S.(2014) : The well-being value of thinking About The Future in Adolescence , Research submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in Clinical psychology (DCLin psy) , royal Holloway, University of London.
4. Mathew Bettes (2013) :Future Time Perspective: Examination of Multiple conceptualization and work–related correlates, In partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master Of Science in psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology .
5. Oettingen, G. & Doris M.(2002): The Motivating Function of Thinking About the Future: Expectations versus Fantasies, Journal of personality and social psychology vol.83, no.5, 1198-1212.
6. Beal, Sarah J (2011) :The Development Of Future Orientation : Understanding and Related constructs, presented to the faculty of the Gratitude college at the university of Nebraska in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degreeof doctor of psychology.
7. Sarakohi, Ali, .Jonas Bjarehed& Gerhard Anersson (2011):links between future thinking and Autobiographical memory specificity in Major Depression, Psychology .vol.2 , no.3 , 261-265 .
8. Stachowski, Alicia Ann (2011) :A model of time use at work: Indivdual differences, time use, and performance, GEORGE MASON university.
9. Gabriele ,Oettingen (2002) : The Motivating Function of Thinking About the Future: Expectations versus Fantasies, Journal of personality and social psychology copyright by the American psychological Association , Inc, 2002. Vol. 83, no.5, 1198-1212.
10. Stratham, A. Gleicher, F., Bonniger, D., & Edwards, C. (1994): The consideration of future consequences: weighing immediate and distant outcomes of behavior. Jopurnal of personality and social psychology , 66(4) ,742-752.
11. Macleod.,& Conway, C. (2005) : well-being and the anticipation of future positive experiences: The role of income, social network, and planning ability . Cognitive and Emotion, 19(3) , 357-374.
12. Macleod & Clare Conway (2007) :well-being and positive future thinking for the self-versus others, cognition and emotion, 21(5), 1114-1124.
13. Haveren, V. R(2004): Levels career decidedness and negative career thinking by Athletic Status, gender, and academic class, proquest-Dissertation. AbstractsNo.AA.
14. Macleod; &Salaminiou, E.(2001) : Reduced positive future-
thinking in depression: cognitive and affective factors, cognition, and Emotion, 15(1) ,99-107.
15. Atance, C.M. &O'Neill, D.K. (2001): Episodic future thinking, TRENDS in cognitive sciences,5, 533-539.
16. Hall, Peter Anthony (2001) :Examining the role of time perspective in the promotion of healthy Behavioral practices , Athesis presented to the university of waterloo in fulfilment of the thesis requirement for the degree of doctor of philosophy in psychology.
17. Gottgerdson (2008) :Stability of career aspirations: A test of Gottfredson's of circumscription and compromise , A thesis submitted to the gratitude faculty lows state university Ames, lowa, copyright © kate E, Junk, 2008. Alrights reserved.
18. Ebel, R.L.(1972) :Essentials of Educational measurement , New, Jersy, prentice Hall Inc.
اولاً :المصادر العربية
1 . محمود , لطيفة ماجد , وحسين , محمد ابراهيم (2015) التفكير المستقبلي والاقدام على مخاطر مسؤولة وعلاقتها بالاتجاه نحو حمل السلاح لدى طلبة الجامعة ، دراسة في كلية التربية للعلوم الانسانية جامعة ديالي ، العراق.
ثانياً : المصادر الاجنبية
2. Armstrong, p. & Crombie, G. (2000) :Compromises in adolscents' occupational aspirations and expectations from grades 8 to 10. Journal of rocational Behavior.
3. Whaley, S.(2014) : The well-being value of thinking About The Future in Adolescence , Research submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in Clinical psychology (DCLin psy) , royal Holloway, University of London.
4. Mathew Bettes (2013) :Future Time Perspective: Examination of Multiple conceptualization and work–related correlates, In partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master Of Science in psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology .
5. Oettingen, G. & Doris M.(2002): The Motivating Function of Thinking About the Future: Expectations versus Fantasies, Journal of personality and social psychology vol.83, no.5, 1198-1212.
6. Beal, Sarah J (2011) :The Development Of Future Orientation : Understanding and Related constructs, presented to the faculty of the Gratitude college at the university of Nebraska in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degreeof doctor of psychology.
7. Sarakohi, Ali, .Jonas Bjarehed& Gerhard Anersson (2011):links between future thinking and Autobiographical memory specificity in Major Depression, Psychology .vol.2 , no.3 , 261-265 .
8. Stachowski, Alicia Ann (2011) :A model of time use at work: Indivdual differences, time use, and performance, GEORGE MASON university.
9. Gabriele ,Oettingen (2002) : The Motivating Function of Thinking About the Future: Expectations versus Fantasies, Journal of personality and social psychology copyright by the American psychological Association , Inc, 2002. Vol. 83, no.5, 1198-1212.
10. Stratham, A. Gleicher, F., Bonniger, D., & Edwards, C. (1994): The consideration of future consequences: weighing immediate and distant outcomes of behavior. Jopurnal of personality and social psychology , 66(4) ,742-752.
11. Macleod.,& Conway, C. (2005) : well-being and the anticipation of future positive experiences: The role of income, social network, and planning ability . Cognitive and Emotion, 19(3) , 357-374.
12. Macleod & Clare Conway (2007) :well-being and positive future thinking for the self-versus others, cognition and emotion, 21(5), 1114-1124.
13. Haveren, V. R(2004): Levels career decidedness and negative career thinking by Athletic Status, gender, and academic class, proquest-Dissertation. AbstractsNo.AA.
14. Macleod; &Salaminiou, E.(2001) : Reduced positive future-
thinking in depression: cognitive and affective factors, cognition, and Emotion, 15(1) ,99-107.
15. Atance, C.M. &O'Neill, D.K. (2001): Episodic future thinking, TRENDS in cognitive sciences,5, 533-539.
16. Hall, Peter Anthony (2001) :Examining the role of time perspective in the promotion of healthy Behavioral practices , Athesis presented to the university of waterloo in fulfilment of the thesis requirement for the degree of doctor of philosophy in psychology.
17. Gottgerdson (2008) :Stability of career aspirations: A test of Gottfredson's of circumscription and compromise , A thesis submitted to the gratitude faculty lows state university Ames, lowa, copyright © kate E, Junk, 2008. Alrights reserved.
18. Ebel, R.L.(1972) :Essentials of Educational measurement , New, Jersy, prentice Hall Inc.
Published
2020-03-24
How to Cite
يحيى حافظأ., & محمود الجبوريأ. (2020). Future thinking for university students. Al-Qadisiyah Journal For Humanities Sciences, 22(3), 724-743. Retrieved from https://journalart.qu.edu.iq/index.php/QJHS/article/view/65
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