Schools and Their Impact on the Second Egyptian Mamluk Society Book of Bada’i al-Zuhur by Ibn Iyas as a Model (784-922 AH / 1382-1517 AD)
Abstract
Egypt has witnessed a flourishing scientific movement in various sciences and arts under the Circassian Mamluk state, through the spread of scientific centers in it, and we mention from those centers: the schools that gave birth to many scholars and writers who accompanied the process of writing the history of that era, as Ibn Iyas is considered the author of "Bada'a" Flowers in the realities of the ages, "one of them, who touched on the schools, where the days of the Fatimid state appeared in Egypt, developed during the days of the Ayyubid state, and matured during the days of the Mamluk state to continue to absorb many scholars and scholars who supplied the scientific field with books and encyclopedias, whether religious, historical, social or Geography or astronomical.
References
(2) Al-Bukhari, Muhammad bin Ismail bin Ibrahim Al-Jaafi, (d. 256 AH), The Great History, investigation: Hashim Al-Nadawi, (Beirut, Dar Al-Kutub, 1975).
(3) Ibn Battuta, Abu Abdullah Muhammad, (d. 779 AH), the masterpiece of contemplators in strange places and wonders of travel (Beirut Dar Sader, 1992 AD).
(4) Al-Batliosi, Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Al-Sayed, (d. 521 AH), brevity in explaining the etiquette of the book, (Cairo, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Masria, 1996).
(5) Al-Bayhaqi, Ahmed bin Al-Hussein bin Ali bin Musa, (d. 458 AH), Manaqib Al-Shafi’i, investigation: Al-Sayed Ahmed Saqr, (Cairo, Dar Al-Turath, 1970).
(6) Ibn Taghri Bardi, Jamal al-Din Abi al-Mahasin, (d. 874 AH), The Healing Evidence for the Pure Well, (Cairo, Al-Khanji Library, 1979).
(7) The Brilliant Stars in the Kings of Egypt and Cairo, presented by: Muhammad Hussein (Beirut, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Alami, 1992 AD).
(8) The resource of gentleness in the ruler of the sultanate and the caliphate, investigation: Nabil Muhammad Abdel Aziz, (Cairo, the Egyptian Book House, 1997).
(9) Ibn al-Jawzi, Abi al-Faraj Abd al-Ridha, (died 597 AH), the regular in the history of kings and nations, (Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiya, 2004).
(10) Haji Khalifa, Mustafa bin Abdullah, (d. 1067 AH), revealing suspicions about the names of books and arts, (Beirut, Dar Revival of Heritage, 1941).
(11) Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani, Abi Al-Fadl Ahmed, (852 AH), the news of immersion in the sons of Al-Omar, (Cairo, Committee for the Revival of Islamic Heritage, 1969).
(12) Lifting the insistence on the judges of Egypt, investigation: Ali Muhammad Omar, (Cairo, Al-Khanji Library, 1998).
(13) Ibn Khaldun, Abd al-Rahman (d. 808 AH), Diwan al-Mubtada and al-Khabar in the history of the Arabs and the Berbers and their contemporaries with the greatest authority,
Investigation: Khalil Shehata (Beirut, Dar Al-Fikr, 2001).
(14) Al-Dabbagh, Abd al-Rahman bin Muhammad al-Nasari, (d. 696 AH), Milestones of Faith in Knowing the People of Kairouan, (Cairo, Al-Khanji Library, 1968).
(15) Al-Dawadari, Abu Bakr bin Abdullah bin Ibak, (d. 736 AH), the treasure of pearls and the al-Gharar mosque, (Cairo, Wadud Center for Manuscripts, 1971 AD).
(16) Al-Dhahabi, Shams al-Din Muhammad bin Ahmad, (d. 748 AH), History of Islam, Deaths of Celebrities and Media, (Beirut, Dar Al-Kitab, 1994).
(17) Ibn Zunbel, Ahmed Al-Rimal, (d. 960 AH), the incident of Sultan Al-Ghouri with Selim Al-Othmani, (Cairo, the Egyptian General Authority for Books, 1998).
(18) Al-Sobky, Taj al-Din Abu Nasr Abd al-Wahhab, Tabaqat al-Shafi’iyyah al-Kubra, investigation: Muhammad Mahmoud, (Dar Ihya al-Turath, Dr. T).
(19) Al-Sijistani, Abu Bakr Muhammad bin Aziz, (d. 330 AH), Nuzhat al-Qulub fi Tafsir Gharib al-Qur’an, (Cairo, 1963).
(20) Al-Sakhawi, Shams al-Din Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman, (d.
(21) Al-Suyuti, Jalal al-Din Abd al-Rahman Abu Bakr, (d. 911 AH), Hasan, the lecture on the history of Egypt and Cairo, (Cairo, (d.), 1967).
(22) Nazm al-Uqyan fi Ayan al-Ayan, edited by: Philip Hitti, (New York, Syrian Press, 1927).
(23) Ibn Shaheen, Ghars al-Din Khalil, (d. 873 AH), The Butter of Revealing Kingdoms and Explaining Roads and Paths, (Paris, Al-Jumhuriya Press, 1894).
(24) Ibn Shaddad, Izz al-Din Muhammad, d. 684 AH, History of the King al-Zahir, curated by: Ahmed Hoteit (Beirut, Printing Center, 1953).
(25) Sosri, Muhammad bin Muhammad, (d. 801 AH), Al-Durra Al-Mudiya fi Al-Dahriyya State, edited by: William (California, University of California, 1969).
(26) Al-Safadi, Salah al-Din Khalil, (d. 764 AH), Tuhfat Dhuli al-Albab fi those who ruled in Damascus from the caliphs, kings, and representatives, (Damascus, Ministry of
Culture, 1992).
(27) Ibn Dhahirah, Jar Allah Jamal al-Din, (d. 986 AH), The Outstanding Virtues in the Beauties of Cairo, (Cairo, Dar al-Kutub, 1969).
(28) Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali, Abu al-Falah Abd al-Hay (d. 1089 AH), Nuggets of Gold in News of Gold, (Beirut, Dar Ibn Katheer, 1993).
(29) Ibn al-Ghazi, Najm al-Din Muhammad bin Muhammad, (d. 1061 AH), The Planets Moving with the Signs of the Tenth Hundred, (Beirut, Dar al-Kutub, 1997).
(30) Al-Ghayathi, Abdullah bin Fathallah Al-Baghdadi, (d. 891 AH / 1486 AD), Al-Tarikh Al-Ghayathi, (Baghdad, Asaad Press, 1975 AD).
(31): Al-Fayrouzabadi, Majd al-Din Muhammad bin Yaqoub, (d. 817 AH), Al-Qamoos Al-Muhit, (Beirut, Dar Al-Jeel).
(32) Al-Qazwini, Zakaria bin Muhammad bin Mahmoud, (d. 682 AH / 1283 AD), Antiquities of the Country and News of the People, (Beirut, Dar Sader, 2011)
(33) Al-Qalqashandi, Abu Al-Abbas Ahmed bin Ali, (d. 821 AH), Subh Al-A’sha in the Construction Industry, (Cairo, Al-Amiriya Press, 1914 AD).
(34) Ibn Kinan, Muhammad bin Issa, (d. 1153 AH), Jasmine Gardens in Mention of the Laws of Caliphs and Sultans, (Beirut, Dar Al-Nafais, 1991).
(35) Al-Laknawi, Abu al-Hasanat Muhammad Abd al-Hay, (died in 1293 AH), the brilliant benefits in the Hanafi translations, (Cairo, Dar al-Kitab al-Islami, 1906).
(36) Al-Maqrizi, Taqi al-Din Abi al-Abbas Ahmed bin Ali, (d. 845 AH), Al-Khattab al-Maqriziyya (Cairo, Library of Religious Culture, 1987).
(37) The Hanafi preaching the news of the successor Fatimid imams, edited by: Gamal al-Din, (Cairo, Madbouly Library, 1996).
(38) Al-Malti, Abd al-Basit bin Khalil, (d. 920 AH), Nozha al-Asatin, who ruled Egypt among the sultans, (Cairo, Religious Culture Library, 1987).
(39) Getting Hope in the Tail of Countries, investigation: Omar Abd al-Salam Tadmouri, (Beirut, Modern Library, 2002).
(40) Ibn Manzoor, Muhammad bin Makram bin Ali Abu Al-Fadl, (d. 711 AH), Lisan Al-Arab (Cairo, Dar Al-Hadith, 2012).
(41) Al-Nuaimi, Abd al-Qadir bin Muhammad al-Dimashqi, (978 AH), the scholar in the history of schools, (Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1990).
(42) Al-Wansharisi, Abu Al-Abbas Ahmed bin Yahya, (d.
Copyright (c) 2023 Al-Qadisiyah Journal For Humanities Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
1. The Authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, copyright of the article shall be assigned to Al-Qadisiyah Journal For Humanities scinces (QJHS), University of Al-Qadisiyah as publisher of the journal.
2. Copyright encompasses exclusive rights to reproduce and deliver the article in all form and media, including reprints, photographs, microfilms and any other similar reproductions, as well as translations. The reproduction of any part of this journal, its storage in databases and its transmission by any form or media, such as electronic, electrostatic and mechanical copies, photocopies, recordings, magnetic media, etc. , will be allowed only with a written permission from Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Humanities scinces (QJHS), University of Al-Qadisiyah.
3. Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Humanities scinces (QJHS) , University of Al-Qadisiyah, the Editors and the Advisory International Editorial Board make every effort to ensure that no wrong or misleading data, opinions or statements be published in the journal. In any way, the contents of the articles and advertisements published in the journal Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Humanities scinces (QJHS), University of Al-Qadisiyah are sole and exclusive responsibility of their respective authors and advertisers.
